This article reinforces the idea that learning comes directly from the struggle. "Often, we think we’ve learned some piece
of information, but we come to realize we struggle when we try to recall the
answer. It’s precisely this “struggle” or challenge that improves our memory
and learning – by trying to recall information, we exercise or strengthen our
memory, and we can also identify gaps in our learning." Carefully embedding extra instructional time to allow for this struggle is a challenge, but one worth its weight.
• Improves students’ complex thinking and application skills
• Improves students’ organization of knowledge
• Improves students’ transfer of knowledge to new concepts
